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First published online 22 October 2003
doi: 10.1242/dev.00822

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130/24/6027    most recent
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Development 130, 6027-6035 (2003)
Copyright © 2003 The Company of Biologists Limited

The potential to induce glial differentiation is conserved between Drosophila and mammalian glial cells missing genes

Yasuno Iwasaki1, Toshihiko Hosoya2, Hirohide Takebayashi1, Yasuhiro Ogawa1, Yoshiki Hotta2 and Kazuhiro Ikenaka1,*

1 Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
2 Department of Developmental Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: ikenaka{at}nips.ac.jp)

Accepted 27 August 2003

Drosophila glial cells missing (gcm) is a key gene that determines the fate of stem cells within the nervous system. Two mouse gcm homologs have been identified, but their function in the nervous system remains to be elucidated. To investigate their function, we constructed retroviral vectors harboring Drosophila gcm and two mouse Gcm genes. Expression of these genes appeared to influence fibroblast features. In particular, mouse Gcm1 induced the expression of astrocyte-specific Ca2+-binding protein, S100ß, in those cells. Introduction of the mouse Gcm1 gene in cultured cells from embryonic brains resulted in the induction of an astrocyte lineage. This effect was also observed by in utero injection of retrovirus harboring mouse Gcm1 into the embryonic brain. However, cultures from mouse Gcm1-deficient mouse brains did not exhibit significant reductions in the number of astrocytes. Furthermore, in situ hybridization analysis of mouse Gcm1 mRNA revealed distinct patterns of expression in comparison with other well-known glial markers. The mammalian homolog of Drosophila gcm, mouse Gcm1, exhibits the potential to induce gliogenesis, but may function in the generation of a minor subpopulation of glial cells.

Key words: glial cells missing (gcm), Glial development, Astrocyte, Retrovirus


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