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First published online 2 June 2004
doi: 10.1242/dev.01173
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1 Laboratory for Cell Culture Development, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
2 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya
University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
3 CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Tokyo 103-0027,
Japan
Author for correspondence (e-mail:
tmiyata{at}med.nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Accepted 16 March 2004
Mature neocortical layers all derive from the cortical plate (CP), a transient zone in the dorsal telencephalon into which young neurons are continuously delivered. To understand cytogenetic and histogenetic events that trigger the emergence of the CP, we have used a slice culture technique. Most divisions at the ventricular surface generated paired cycling daughters (P/P divisions) and the majority of the P/P divisions were asymmetric in daughter cell behavior; they frequently sent one daughter cell to a non-surface (NS) position, the subventricular zone (SVZ), within a single cell-cycle length while keeping the other mitotic daughter for division at the surface. The NS-dividing cells were mostly Hu+ and their daughters were also Hu+, suggesting their commitment to the neuronal lineage and supply of early neurons at a position much closer to their destiny than from the ventricular surface. The release of a cycling daughter cell to SVZ was achieved by collapse of the ventricular process of the cell, followed by its NS division. Neurogenin2 (Ngn2) was immunohistochemically detected in a certain cycling population during G1 phase and was further restricted during G2-M phases to the SVZ-directed population. Its retroviral introduction converted surface divisions to NS divisions. The asymmetric P/P division may therefore contribute to efficient neuron/progenitor segregation required for CP initiation through cell cycle-dependent and lineage-restricted expression of Ngn2.
Key words: Cerebral cortex, Cortical plate, Neuroepithelium, Subventricular zone, Asymmetric cell division, Cell migration, Cell cycle, Cell fate determination, Layer formation, Neurogenin2, Slice culture, Mouse