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Development ePress online publication date 7 Feb 2007
First published online 7 February 2007
doi: 10.1242/dev.000513

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Acto-myosin reorganization and PAR polarity in C. elegans


Carrie R. Cowan* and Anthony A. Hyman
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: cowan{at}imp.univie.ac.at)

The symmetry-breaking event during polarization of C. elegans embryos is an asymmetric rearrangement of the acto-myosin network, which dictates cell polarity through the differential recruitment of PAR proteins. The sperm-supplied centrosomes are required to initiate this cortical reorganization. Several questions about this event remain unanswered: how is the acto-myosin network regulated during polarization and how does acto-myosin reorganization lead to asymmetric PAR protein distribution? As we discuss, recent studies show that C. elegans embryos use two GTPases, RHO-1 and CDC-42, to regulate these two steps in polarity establishment. Although RHO-1 and CDC-42 control distinct aspects of polarization, they function interdependently to regulate polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos.
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