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Development ePress online publication date 15 Feb 2006
doi: 10.1242/dev.02278
Research article
(2006)NF-
B transmits Eda A1/EdaR signalling to activate Shh and cyclin D1 expression, and controls post-initiation hair placode down growth
Ruth Schmidt-Ullrich*,
Desmond J. Tobin,
Diana Lenhard,
Pascal Schneider,
Ralf Paus,
and
Claus Scheidereit
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: rschmidt{at}mdc-berlin.de)
A novel function of NF-
B in the development of most ectodermal appendages, including two types of murine pelage hair follicles, was detected in a mouse model with suppressed NF-
B activity (cI
B
N). However, the developmental processes regulated by NF-
B in hair follicles has remained unknown. Furthermore, the similarity between the phenotypes of cI
BA
N mice and mice deficient in Eda A1 (tabby) or its receptor EdaR (downless) raised the issue of whether in vivo NF-
B regulates or is regulated by these novel TNF family members. We now demonstrate that epidermal NF-
B activity is first observed in placodes of primary guard hair follicles at day E14.5, and that in vivo NF-
B signalling is activated downstream of Eda A1 and EdaR. Importantly, ectopic signals which activate NF-
B can also stimulate guard hair placode formation, suggesting a crucial role for NF-
B in placode development. In downless and cI
B
N mice, placodes start to develop, but rapidly abort in the absence of EdaR/NF-
B signalling. We show that NF-
B activation is essential for induction of Shh and cyclin D1 expression and subsequent placode down growth. However, cyclin D1 induction appears to be indirectly regulated by NF-
B, probably via Shh and Wnt. The strongly decreased number of hair follicles observed in cI
B
N mice compared with tabby mice, indicates that additional signals, such as TROY, must regulate NF-
B activity in specific hair follicle subtypes.

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