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JOURNAL ARTICLES
Blastomere derivation and domains of gene expression in the Spemann Organizer of Xenopus laevis
M.A. Vodicka, J.C. Gerhart
Development 1995 121: 3505-3518;
M.A. Vodicka
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J.C. Gerhart
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Summary

Spemann's Organizer, located in the dorsal marginal zone of the amphibian gastrula, induces and differentiates dorsal axial structures characteristic of this and other vertebrates. To trace the cellular origins of the Xenopus Organizer, we labelled dorsal blastomeres of three of the four tiers (A, B and C) of the 32-cell embryo with green, red and blue fluorescent lineage tracers. A strong vegetalward displacement of labelled clones occurs between the late blastula and early gastrula stages but clones mix only slightly at their borders. The typical early gastrula Organizer is composed of approximately 10% A1 progeny in its animalmost region, 70% B1 progeny in the central region, and 20% C1 progeny in vegetal and deep regions. Variability in the composition of the early gastrula Organizer results from variability in the position of early cleavage planes and in pregastrulation movements. As the Organizer involutes during gastrulation, forming dorsal axial mesoderm, clonal boundaries are greatly dispersed by cell intermixing. Within a clone, deep cells are displaced and intermixed more than superficial cells. Variability in the distribution of progeny in the dorsal axial mesoderm of the late gastrula results mostly from variable intermixing of cells during gastrulation. Experiments to perturb later developmental events by molecular or embryonic manipulations at an early stage must take this variability into account along with the majority distributions of the fate map. Within the early gastrula Organizer, the genes Xbra, goosecoid, noggin and xNR3 are expressed differently in the animal-vegetal and superficial-deep dimensions. In situ hybridization and lineage labelling define distinct regions of the dorsal marginal zone. By the end of gastrulation, dorsal axial mesoderm cells derived from the Organizer have altered their expression of the genes Xbra, goosecoid, noggin and xNR3. At a given stage, a cell's position in the embryo rather than its lineage may be more important in determining which genes it will express.

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JOURNAL ARTICLES
Blastomere derivation and domains of gene expression in the Spemann Organizer of Xenopus laevis
M.A. Vodicka, J.C. Gerhart
Development 1995 121: 3505-3518;
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JOURNAL ARTICLES
Blastomere derivation and domains of gene expression in the Spemann Organizer of Xenopus laevis
M.A. Vodicka, J.C. Gerhart
Development 1995 121: 3505-3518;

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An interview with Swathi Arur

Swathi Arur joined the team at Development as an Academic Editor in 2020. Her lab uses multidisciplinary approaches to understand female germline development and fertility. We met with her over Zoom to hear more about her life, her career and her love for C. elegans.


Jim Wells and Hanna Mikkola join our team of Editors

We are pleased to welcome James (Jim) Wells and Hanna Mikkola to our team of Editors. Jim joins us a new Academic Editor, taking over from Gordan Keller, and Hanna joins our team of Associate Editors. Find out more about their research interests and areas of expertise.


New funding scheme supports sustainable events

As part of our Sustainable Conferencing Initiative, we are pleased to announce funding for organisers that seek to reduce the environmental footprint of their event. The next deadline to apply for a Scientific Meeting grant is 26 March 2021.


Read & Publish participation continues to grow

“I’d heard of Read & Publish deals and knew that many universities, including mine, had signed up to them but I had not previously understood the benefits that these deals bring to authors who work at those universities.”

Professor Sally Lowell (University of Edinburgh) shares her experience of publishing Open Access as part of our growing Read & Publish initiative. We now have over 150 institutions in 15 countries and four library consortia taking part – find out more and view our full list of participating institutions.


Upcoming special issues

Imaging Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration
Submission deadline: 30 March 2021
Publication: mid-2021

The Immune System in Development and Regeneration
Guest editors: Florent Ginhoux and Paul Martin
Submission deadline: 1 September 2021
Publication: Spring 2022

Both special issues welcome Review articles as well as Research articles, and will be widely promoted online and at key global conferences.


Development presents...

Our successful webinar series continues into 2021, with early-career researchers presenting their papers and a chance to virtually network with the developmental biology community afterwards. Here, Michèle Romanos talks about her new preprint, which mixes experimentation in quail embryos and computational modelling to understand how heterogeneity in a tissue influences cell rate.

Save your spot at our next session:

10 March
Time: 9:00 (GMT)
Chaired by: Thomas Lecuit

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