Skip to main content
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Accepted manuscripts
    • Latest complete issue
    • Issue archive
    • Archive by article type
    • Special issues
    • Subject collections
    • Sign up for alerts
  • About us
    • About Development
    • About the Node
    • Editors and Board
    • Editor biographies
    • Travelling Fellowships
    • Grants and funding
    • Journal Meetings
    • Workshops
    • The Company of Biologists
    • Journal news
  • For authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • Aims and scope
    • Presubmission enquiries
    • Article types
    • Manuscript preparation
    • Cover suggestions
    • Editorial process
    • Promoting your paper
    • Open Access
    • Biology Open transfer
  • Journal info
    • Journal policies
    • Rights and permissions
    • Media policies
    • Reviewer guide
    • Sign up for alerts
  • Contacts
    • Contacts
    • Subscriptions
    • Advertising
    • Feedback
    • For library administrators
  • COB
    • About The Company of Biologists
    • Development
    • Journal of Cell Science
    • Journal of Experimental Biology
    • Disease Models & Mechanisms
    • Biology Open

User menu

  • Log in
  • Log out

Search

  • Advanced search
Development
  • COB
    • About The Company of Biologists
    • Development
    • Journal of Cell Science
    • Journal of Experimental Biology
    • Disease Models & Mechanisms
    • Biology Open

supporting biologistsinspiring biology

Development

  • Log in
Advanced search

RSS  Twitter  Facebook  YouTube 

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Accepted manuscripts
    • Latest complete issue
    • Issue archive
    • Archive by article type
    • Special issues
    • Subject collections
    • Sign up for alerts
  • About us
    • About Development
    • About the Node
    • Editors and Board
    • Editor biographies
    • Travelling Fellowships
    • Grants and funding
    • Journal Meetings
    • Workshops
    • The Company of Biologists
    • Journal news
  • For authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • Aims and scope
    • Presubmission enquiries
    • Article types
    • Manuscript preparation
    • Cover suggestions
    • Editorial process
    • Promoting your paper
    • Open Access
    • Biology Open transfer
  • Journal info
    • Journal policies
    • Rights and permissions
    • Media policies
    • Reviewer guide
    • Sign up for alerts
  • Contacts
    • Contacts
    • Subscriptions
    • Advertising
    • Feedback
    • For library administrators
JOURNAL ARTICLES
Role of MAP kinase in mesoderm induction and axial patterning during Xenopus development
C. LaBonne, B. Burke, M. Whitman
Development 1995 121: 1475-1486;
C. LaBonne
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
B. Burke
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
M. Whitman
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Info & metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Summary

We have examined the role of MAP kinase during mesoderm induction and axial patterning in Xenopus embryos. MAP Kinase Phosphatase (MKP-1) was used to inactivate endogenous MAP kinase and was found to prevent the induction of early and late mesodermal markers by both FGF and activin. In whole embryos, MKP-1 was found to disrupt posterior axial patterning, generating a phenotype similar to that obtained with a dominant inhibitory FGF receptor. Overexpression of either constitutively active MAP kinase or constitutively active MAP kinase (MEK) was sufficient to induce Xbra expression, while only constitutively active MEK was able to significantly induce expression of muscle actin. When MAP kinase phosphorylation was used as a sensitive marker of FGF receptor activity in vivo, this activity was found to persist at a low and relatively uniform level throughout blastula stage embryos. The finding that a low level of MAP kinase phosphorylation exists in unstimulated animal caps and is absent in caps overexpressing a dominant inhibitory FGF receptor provides a basis for our previous observation that overexpression of this receptor inhibits activin induction. These results indicate that FGF-dependent MAP kinase activity plays a critical role in establishing the responsiveness of embryonic tissues to mesoderm inducers.

Reference

    1. Alessi D.,
    2. Smythe C.,
    3. Keyse S.
    (1993) The human CL100 gene encodes a Tyr/Thr-protein phosphatase which potently and specifically inactivates MAP kinase and supresses its activation by oncogenic ras in Xenopus oocyte extracts. Oncogene 8, 2015–20
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Amaya E.,
    2. Musci T. J.,
    3. Kirschner M. W.
    (1991) Expression of a dominant negative mutant of the FGF receptor disrupts mesoderm formation in Xenopus embryos. Cell 66, 257–270
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Biggs W.,
    2. Zavitz K.,
    3. Dickson B.,
    4. van der Straten A.,
    5. Brunner D.,
    6. Hafen E.,
    7. Zipursky S.
    (1994) The Drosophila rolled locus encodes a MAP kinase required in the sevenless signal transduction pathway. EMBO J.
    1. Blenis J.
    (1993). Signal Transduction via the MAP kinases: Proceed at your own RSK. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 5899–5892
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Brunner D.,
    2. Oellers N.,
    3. Szabad J.,
    4. Biggs W. H.,
    5. Zipursky S. L.,
    6. Hafen E.
    (1994) A gain of function mutation in Drosophila MAP kinase activates multiple receptor kinase signaling pathways. Cell 76, 875–888
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Cai H.,
    2. Szeberenyi J.,
    3. Cooper G.
    (1990) Effect of a dominant inhibitory Ha-ras mutation on mitogenic signal transduction in NIH 3T3 cells. Molec. Cell. Biol 10, 5314–5323
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Cascio S.,
    2. Gurdon J. B.
    (1987) The initiation of new gene transcription during Xenopus gastrulation requires immediately preceding protein synthesis. Development 100, 297–305
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Charles C.,
    2. Sun H.,
    3. Lau L.,
    4. Tonks N.
    (1993) The growth factor-inducible immediate-early gene 3CH134 encodes a protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 5292–6
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Cornell R. A.,
    2. Kimelman D.
    (1994) Activin-mediated mesoderm induction requires FGF. Development 120, 453–462
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Cowley S.,
    2. Paterson H.,
    3. Kemp P.,
    4. Marshall C. J.
    (1994) Activation of MAP kinase is necessary and sufficient for PC12 Differentiation and for transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Cell 77, 841–852
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Cunliffe V.,
    2. Smith J. C.
    (1992) Ectopic mesoderm formation in Xenopus embryos caused by widespread expression of a Brachyury homologue. Nature 358, 427–430
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Dale L.,
    2. Howes G.,
    3. Price B. M. J.,
    4. Smith J. C.
    (1992) Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4: a ventralizing factor in Xenopus development. Development 115, 573–585
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Dale L.,
    2. Matthews G.,
    3. Colman A.
    (1993) Secretion and mesoderm inducing activity of the TGFβ related domain of Xenopus Vg1. EMBO J 12, 4471–4480
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Dent P.,
    2. Haystead T. A. J.,
    3. Haser W.,
    4. Vincent L. A.,
    5. Roberts T. M.,
    6. Sturgill T. W.
    (1992) v-Raf protein kinase activates mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase in NIH 3T3 cells and in vitro. Science 257, 1404–1407
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Graves L. M.,
    2. Northrup J. L.,
    3. Potts B. C.,
    4. Krebs E. G.,
    5. Kimelman D.
    (1994) Fibroblast growth factor, but not activin, is a potent activator of mitogen-activated protein kinase in Xenopus explants. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 1662–1666
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Gurdon J. B.,
    2. Fairman S.,
    3. Mohun T. J.,
    4. Brennan S.
    (1985) Activation of muscle specific actin genes in Xenopus development by an induction between animal and vegetal cells of a blastula. Cell 41, 913–922
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Haccard O.,
    2. Sarcevic B.,
    3. Lewellyn A.,
    4. Hartley R.,
    5. Roy L.,
    6. Izumi T.,
    7. Erikson E.,
    8. Maller J. L.
    (1993) Induction of metaphase arrest in cleaving xenopus embryos by map kinase. Science 262, 1262–1265
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Hartley R. S.,
    2. Lewellyn A. L.,
    3. Maller J. L.
    (1994) Map kinase is activated during mesoderm induction in Xenopus laevis. Dev. Biol 163, 521–524
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Hemmati-Brivanlou A.,
    2. Melton D. A.
    (1992) A truncated activin receptor dominantly inhibits mesoderm induction and formation of axial structures in Xenopus embryos. Nature 359, 609–614
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Howe L. R.,
    2. Leevers S. J.,
    3. Gomez N.,
    4. Nakielny S.,
    5. Cohen P.,
    6. Marshall C. J.
    (1992) Activation of the MAP kinase pathway by the protein kinase raf. Cell 71, 335–342
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Isaacs H.,
    2. Pownall M.,
    3. Slack J.
    (1994) eFGF regulates Xbra expression during Xenopus gastrulation. EMBO J 13, 4469–4481
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Isaacs H.,
    2. Tannahill D.,
    3. Slack J.
    (1992) Expression of a novel FGF in the Xenopus embryo. A new candidate inducing factor for mesoderm formation and anterioposterior specification. Development 114, 711–720
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Jones C. M.,
    2. Lyons K. M.,
    3. Lapan P. M.,
    4. Wright C. V. E.,
    5. Hogan B. J. M.
    (1992) DVR-4 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4) as a postero-ventralizing factor in Xenopus mesoderm induction. Development 115, 639–647
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Kimelman D.,
    2. Abraham J. A.,
    3. Haaparanta T.,
    4. Palishi T. M.,
    5. Kirschner M. W.
    (1988) The presence of fibroblast growth factor in the frog egg: its role as a natural mesoderm inducer. Science 242, 1053–1056
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Kintner C. R.,
    2. Brockes J. P.
    (1984) Monoclonal antibodies identify blastemal cells derived from dedifferentiating muscle in newt limb regeneration. Nature 308, 67–69
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Koster M.,
    2. Plessow S.,
    3. Clement J. H.,
    4. Lorenz A.,
    5. Tiedemann H.,
    6. Knochel W.
    (1991) Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4), a member of the TGF-family, in early embryos of Xenopus laevis: analysis of mesoderm inducing activity. Mech. Devel 33, 191–200
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Krieg P. A.,
    2. Melton D. A.
    (1987) An enhancer responsible for activating transcription at the MBT in Xenopus development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 2331–2335
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Kyriakis J. M.,
    2. App H.,
    3. Zhang X.-F.,
    4. Banerjee P.,
    5. Brautigan D. L.,
    6. Rapp U. R.,
    7. Avruch J.
    (1992) Raf-1 activates MAP kinase-kinase. Nature 358, 417–421
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. LaBonne C.,
    2. Whitman M.
    (1994) Mesoderm induction by activin requires FGF mediated intracellular signals. Development 120, 463–472
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. MacNicol A. M.,
    2. Muslin A.J.,
    3. Williams L. T.
    (1993) Raf-1 kinase is essential for early Xenopus development and mediates the induction of mesoderm by FGF. Cell 73, 571–584
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Mansour S. J.,
    2. Matten W. T.,
    3. Hermann A. S.,
    4. Candia J. M.,
    5. Rong S.,
    6. Fukasawa K.,
    7. Woude G. F. V.,
    8. Ahn N. G.
    (1994) Transformation of mammalian cells by constitutively active MAP kinase kinase. Science 265, 966–969
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Newport J.,
    2. Kirschner M.
    (1982) A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: 1. Characterization and timing of cellular changes at the midblastula transition. Cell 30, 675–686
    OpenUrl
    1. Rao Y.
    (1994) Conversion of a mesodermalizing molecule, the Xenopus Brachyury gene, into a neuralizing factor. Genes Dev 11, 939–947
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Rosa F. M.
    (1989). Mix. 1, a homeobox mRNA inducible by mesoderm inducers, is expressed mostly in the presumptive endodermal cells of Xenopus embryos. Cell 57, 965–974
    OpenUrl
    1. Schultemerker S.,
    2. Smith J. C.,
    3. Dale L.
    (1994) Effects of truncated activin and FGF receptors and of follistatin on the inducing activities of bvg1 and activin- does activin play a role in mesoderm induction. EMBO J 131, 3533–3541
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Slack J. M. W.,
    2. Isaacs H. V.,
    3. Darlington B. G.
    (1988) Inductive effects of fibroblast growth factor and lithium ion on Xenopus blastula ectoderm. Development 103, 581–590
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Smith J. C.
    (1987) A mesoderm-inducing factor is produced by a Xenopus cell line. Development 99, 3–14
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Smith J. C.,
    2. Price B. M. J.,
    3. Green J. B. A.,
    4. Weigel D.,
    5. Hermann B. G.
    (1991) Expression of a Xenopus homolog of Brachyury (T) is an immediate-early response to mesoderm induction. Cell 67, 79–87
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Sun H.,
    2. Charles C.,
    3. Lau L.,
    4. Tonks N.
    (1993) MKP-1(3CH134) an immediate early gene product, is a dual specificity phosphatase that dephosporylates MAP Kinase in vivo. Cell 75, 487–493
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Sun H.,
    2. Tonks N. K.,
    3. Bar-Sagi D.
    (1994) Inhibition of Ras-induced DNA synthesis by expression of the phosphatase MKP-1. Science 266, 285–287
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Thomas S. M.,
    2. DeMarco M.,
    3. D'Arcangelo G.,
    4. Halegoua S.,
    5. Brugge J. S.
    (1992) Ras is essential for nerve growth factor-and phorbol ester-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of MAP kinases. Cell 68, 1031–1040
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Thomsen G.,
    2. Melton D.
    (1993) Processed Vg1 protein is an axial mesoderm inducer in Xenopus. Cell 74, 433–441
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Whitman M.,
    2. Melton D.
    (1992) Involvement of p21 ras in Xenopus mesoderm induction. Nature 357, 252–255
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Wood K. W.,
    2. Sarnecki C.,
    3. Roberts T.,
    4. Blenis J.
    (1992) Ras mediates nerve growth factor receptor modulation of three signal transducing proteins: MAP kinase, Raf-1, and RSK. Cell 68, 1041–1050
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Xu H. P.,
    2. White M.,
    3. Marcus S.,
    4. Wigler M.
    (1994) Concerted action of RAS and G proteins in the sexual response pathways of Schizoszccharomyces pombe. Mol. Cell Biol 14, 50–58
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Zaitsevskaya T.,
    2. Cooper J.
    (1992) Developmentally-regulated expression of mitogen-activated (MAP) kinase in Xenopuslaevis. Cell Growth and Diff 3, 773–782
Previous ArticleNext Article
Back to top
Previous ArticleNext Article

This Issue

 Download PDF

Email

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Development.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Role of MAP kinase in mesoderm induction and axial patterning during Xenopus development
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Development
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Development web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Share
JOURNAL ARTICLES
Role of MAP kinase in mesoderm induction and axial patterning during Xenopus development
C. LaBonne, B. Burke, M. Whitman
Development 1995 121: 1475-1486;
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
Citation Tools
JOURNAL ARTICLES
Role of MAP kinase in mesoderm induction and axial patterning during Xenopus development
C. LaBonne, B. Burke, M. Whitman
Development 1995 121: 1475-1486;

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Alerts

Please log in to add an alert for this article.

Sign in to email alerts with your email address

Article navigation

  • Top
  • Article
  • Info & metrics
  • PDF

Related articles

Cited by...

More in this TOC section

  • Non-imprinted Igf2r expression decreases growth and rescues the Tme mutation in mice
  • REF-1, a protein with two bHLH domains, alters the pattern of cell fusion in C. elegans by regulating Hox protein activity
  • Centrosome migration into the Drosophila oocyte is independent of BicD and egl, and of the organisation of the microtubule cytoskeleton
Show more JOURNAL ARTICLES

Similar articles

Other journals from The Company of Biologists

Journal of Cell Science

Journal of Experimental Biology

Disease Models & Mechanisms

Biology Open

Advertisement

A new society for regenerative biologists

Kenneth Poss and Elly Tanaka announce the launch of the International Society for Regenerative Biology (ISRB), which will promote research and education in the field of regenerative biology.


Upcoming special issue: call for papers

The Immune System in Development and Regeneration
Guest editors: Florent Ginhoux and Paul Martin
Submission deadline: 1 September 2021
Publication: Spring 2022

The special issue welcomes Review articles as well as Research articles, and will be widely promoted online and at key global conferences.


An interview with Cagney Coomer

Over a virtual chat, we spoke to Cagney Coomer about her experiences in the lab, the classroom and the community centre, and why she thinks outreach and role models are vital to science.


Development presents...

Our successful webinar series continues into 2021, with early-career researchers presenting their papers and a chance to virtually network with the developmental biology community afterwards. Here, Michèle Romanos talks about her new preprint, which mixes experimentation in quail embryos and computational modelling to understand how heterogeneity in a tissue influences cell rate.

Save your spot at our next session:

10 March
Time: 9:00 (GMT)
Chaired by: Thomas Lecuit

Join our mailing list to receive news and updates on the series.

Articles

  • Accepted manuscripts
  • Latest complete issue
  • Issue archive
  • Archive by article type
  • Special issues
  • Subject collections
  • Sign up for alerts

About us

  • About Development
  • About the Node
  • Editors and board
  • Editor biographies
  • Travelling Fellowships
  • Grants and funding
  • Journal Meetings
  • Workshops
  • The Company of Biologists

For authors

  • Submit a manuscript
  • Aims and scope
  • Presubmission enquiries
  • Article types
  • Manuscript preparation
  • Cover suggestions
  • Editorial process
  • Promoting your paper
  • Open Access
  • Biology Open transfer

Journal info

  • Journal policies
  • Rights and permissions
  • Media policies
  • Reviewer guide
  • Sign up for alerts

Contact

  • Contact Development
  • Subscriptions
  • Advertising
  • Feedback
  • Institutional usage stats (logged-in users only)

 Twitter   YouTube   LinkedIn

© 2021   The Company of Biologists Ltd   Registered Charity 277992