Skip to main content
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Accepted manuscripts
    • Issue in progress
    • Latest complete issue
    • Issue archive
    • Archive by article type
    • Special issues
    • Subject collections
    • Sign up for alerts
  • About us
    • About Development
    • About the Node
    • Editors and Board
    • Editor biographies
    • Travelling Fellowships
    • Grants and funding
    • Journal Meetings
    • Workshops
    • The Company of Biologists
    • Journal news
  • For authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • Aims and scope
    • Presubmission enquiries
    • Article types
    • Manuscript preparation
    • Cover suggestions
    • Editorial process
    • Promoting your paper
    • Open Access
    • Biology Open transfer
  • Journal info
    • Journal policies
    • Rights and permissions
    • Media policies
    • Reviewer guide
    • Sign up for alerts
  • Contacts
    • Contacts
    • Subscriptions
    • Feedback
  • COB
    • About The Company of Biologists
    • Development
    • Journal of Cell Science
    • Journal of Experimental Biology
    • Disease Models & Mechanisms
    • Biology Open

User menu

  • Log in
  • Log out

Search

  • Advanced search
Development
  • COB
    • About The Company of Biologists
    • Development
    • Journal of Cell Science
    • Journal of Experimental Biology
    • Disease Models & Mechanisms
    • Biology Open

supporting biologistsinspiring biology

Development

  • Log in
Advanced search

RSS  Twitter  Facebook  YouTube 

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Accepted manuscripts
    • Issue in progress
    • Latest complete issue
    • Issue archive
    • Archive by article type
    • Special issues
    • Subject collections
    • Sign up for alerts
  • About us
    • About Development
    • About the Node
    • Editors and Board
    • Editor biographies
    • Travelling Fellowships
    • Grants and funding
    • Journal Meetings
    • Workshops
    • The Company of Biologists
    • Journal news
  • For authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • Aims and scope
    • Presubmission enquiries
    • Article types
    • Manuscript preparation
    • Cover suggestions
    • Editorial process
    • Promoting your paper
    • Open Access
    • Biology Open transfer
  • Journal info
    • Journal policies
    • Rights and permissions
    • Media policies
    • Reviewer guide
    • Sign up for alerts
  • Contacts
    • Contacts
    • Subscriptions
    • Feedback
JOURNAL ARTICLES
Eyeless initiates the expression of both sine oculis and eyes absent during Drosophila compound eye development
G. Halder, P. Callaerts, S. Flister, U. Walldorf, U. Kloter, W.J. Gehring
Development 1998 125: 2181-2191;
G. Halder
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
P. Callaerts
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
S. Flister
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
U. Walldorf
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
U. Kloter
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
W.J. Gehring
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Info & metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Summary

The Drosophila Pax-6 gene eyeless acts high up in the genetic hierarchy involved in compound eye development and can direct the formation of extra eyes in ectopic locations. Here we identify sine oculis and eyes absent as two mediators of the eye-inducing activity of eyeless. We show that eyeless induces and requires the expression of both genes independently during extra eye development. During normal eye development, eyeless is expressed earlier than and is required for the expression of sine oculis and eyes absent, but not vice versa. Based on the results presented here and those of others, we propose a model in which eyeless induces the initial expression of both sine oculis and eyes absent in the eye disc. sine oculis and eyes absent then appear to participate in a positive feedback loop that regulates the expression of all three genes. In contrast to the regulatory interactions that occur in the developing eye disc, we also show that in the embryonic head, sine oculis acts in parallel to eyeless and twin of eyeless, a second Pax-6 gene from Drosophila. Recent studies in vertebrate systems indicate that the epistatic relationships among the corresponding vertebrate homologs are very similar to those observed in Drosophila.

REFERENCES

    1. Abdelhak S.,
    2. Kalatzis V.,
    3. Heilig R.,
    4. Compain S.,
    5. Samson D.,
    6. Vincent C.,
    7. Weil D.,
    8. Cruaud C.,
    9. Sahly I.,
    10. Leibovici M.,
    11. Bitner-Glindzicz M.,
    12. Francis M.,
    13. Lacombe D.,
    14. Vigneron J.,
    15. Charachon R.,
    16. Boven K.,
    17. Bedbeder P.,
    18. Van Regemorter N.,
    19. Weissenbach J.,
    20. Petit C.
    (1997) A human homologue of the Drosophila eyes absent gene underlies branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome and identifies a novel gene family. Nat. Genet 15, 157–164
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Altmann C. R.,
    2. Chow R. L.,
    3. Lang R. A.,
    4. Hemmati-Brivanlou A.
    (1997) Lens induction by Pax-6 in Xenopuslaevis. Dev. Biol 185, 119–123
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Baker N. E.
    (1988) Transcription of the segment-polarity gene wingless in the imaginal discs of Drosophila, and the phenotype of a pupal-lethal wg mutation. Development 102, 489–497
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Blackman R. K.,
    2. Sanicola M.,
    3. Raftery L. A.,
    4. Gillevet T.,
    5. Gelbart W. M.
    (1991) An extensive 3 cis -regulatory region directs the imaginal disk expression of decapentaplegic, a member of the TGF-family in Drosophila. Development 111, 657–665
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Bonini N.,
    2. Choi K.-W.
    (1995) Early decisions in Drosophila eye morphogenesis. Curr. Opin. Gen. Dev 5, 507–515
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Bonini N. M.,
    2. Bui Q. T.,
    3. Gray-Board G. L.,
    4. Warrick J. M.
    (1997) The Drosophilaeyesabsent gene directs ectopic eye formation in a pathway conserved between flies and vertebrates. Development 124, 4819–4826
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Bonini N. M.,
    2. Leiserson W. M.,
    3. Benzer S.
    (1993) The eyes absent gene: Genetic control of cell survival and differentiation in the developing Drosophila eye. Cell 72, 379–395
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Boyle M.,
    2. Bonini N.,
    3. DiNardo S.
    (1997) Expression and function of clift in the development of somatic gonadal precursors within the Drosophila mesoderm. Development 124, 971–982
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Brand A. H.,
    2. Perrimon N.
    (1993) Targeted gene expression as a meansof altering cell fates and generating dominant phenotypes. Development 118, 401–415
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Callaerts P.,
    2. Halder G.,
    3. Gehring W. J.
    (1997) Pax-6 in Development and Evolution. Ann. Rev. Neurosci 20, 483–532
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Chen R.,
    2. Amoui M.,
    3. Zhang Z.,
    4. Mardon G.
    (1997) Dachshund and Eyes Absent Proteins Form a Complex and Function Synergistically to Induce Ectopic Eye Development in Drosophila. Cell 91, 893–903
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Chen T. Y.
    (1929) On the development of imaginal buds in normal and mutant Drosophila melanogaster. J. Morphol 47, 135–199
    OpenUrlCrossRef
    1. Chester B.
    (1971) Factors affecting the expression of eyelessness. Drosophila Information Service 46, 63–64
    OpenUrl
    1. Cheyette B. N. R.,
    2. Green P. J.,
    3. Martin K.,
    4. Garren H.,
    5. Hartenstein V.,
    6. Zipursky S. L.
    (1994) The Drosophilasine oculis locus encodes a homeodomain-containing protein required for the development of the entire visual system. Neuron 12, 977–996
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Dickson B.
    (1995) Nuclear factors in sevenless signaling. Trends Genet 11, 106–111
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Duncan M. K.,
    2. Kos L.,
    3. Jenkins N. A.,
    4. Gilbert D. J.,
    5. Copeland N. G.,
    6. Tomarev S. I.
    (1997) Eyes absent: a gene family found in several metazoan phyla. Mamm. Genome 8, 479–485
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Ekker S. C.,
    2. Ungar A. R.,
    3. Greenstein P.,
    4. von Kessler D. P.,
    5. Porter J. A.,
    6. Moon R. T.,
    7. Beachy P. A.
    (1995) Patterning activities of vertebrate hedgehog proteins in the developing eye and brain. Current Biology 5, 944–955
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Frasch M.,
    2. Levine M.
    (1987) Complementary patterns of even-skipped and fushi tarazu expression involve their differential regulation by a common set of segmentation genes in Drosophila. Genes Dev 1, 981–995
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Freeman M.
    (1997) Cell determination strategies in the Drosophila eye. Development 124, 261–270
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Fristrom D.
    (1969) Cellular degeneration in the production of some mutant phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol. Gen. Genetics 103, 363–379
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Fujiwara M.,
    2. Uchida T.,
    3. Osumi-Yamashita N.,
    4. Eto K.
    (1994) Uchida rat (rSey): a new mutant rat with craniofacial abnormalities resembling those of the mouse Sey mutant. Differentiation 57, 31–38
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Grindley J. C.,
    2. Davidson D. R.,
    3. Hill R. E.
    (1995) The role of Pax-6 in eye and nasal development. Development 121, 1433–1442
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Halder G.,
    2. Callaerts P.,
    3. Gehring W. J.
    (1995) Induction of ectopic eyes by targeted expression of the eyeless gene in Drosophila. Science 267, 1788–1792
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Halder G.,
    2. Callaerts P.,
    3. Gehring W. J.
    (1995) New perspectives on eye evolution. Curr. Opin. Gen. Dev 5, 602–609
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Heberlein U.,
    2. Moses K.
    (1995) Mechanisms of Drosophila retinal morphogenesis: The virtues of being progressive. Cell 81, 987–990
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Heitzler P.,
    2. Coulson D.,
    3. Saenz-Robles M.-T.,
    4. Ashburner M.,
    5. Roote J.,
    6. Simpson P.,
    7. Gubb D.
    (1993) Genetic and cytogenetic analysis of the 43A-E region containing the segment polarity gene costa and the cellular polarity genes prickle and spiny-legs in Drosophilamelanogaster. Genetics 135, 105–115
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Hill R. E.,
    2. Favor J.,
    3. Hogan B. L. M.,
    4. Ton C. C. T.,
    5. Saunders G. F.,
    6. Hanson I. M.,
    7. Prosser J.,
    8. Jordan T.,
    9. Hastie N. D.,
    10. van Heyningen V.
    (1991) Mouse Small eye results from mutations in a paired -like homeobox-containing gene. Nature 354, 522–525
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Hiromi Y.,
    2. Gehring W. J.
    (1987) Regulation and function of the Drosophila segmentation gene fushi tarazu. Cell 50, 963–974
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Hirsch N.,
    2. Harris W. A.
    (1997) Xenopus Pax-6 and retinal development. J. Neurobiol 32, 45–61
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Hogan B.,
    2. Hirst E. M. A.,
    3. Horsburgh G.,
    4. Hetherington C. M.
    (1988) Small eye (Sey): a mouse model for the genetic analysis of craniofacial abnormalities. Development 103, 115–119
    1. Krauss S.,
    2. Johansen T.,
    3. Korzh V.,
    4. Fjose A.
    (1991) Expression pattern of zebrafish pax genes suggests a role in early brain regionalisation. Nature 353, 267–270
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Kumar J.,
    2. Moses K.
    (1997) Transcription factors in eye development: a gorgeous mosaic?. Genes Dev 11, 2023–2028
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
    1. Lawrence P. A.,
    2. Johnston
    (1989) Pattern formation in the Drosophila embryo: allocation of cells to parasegments by even-skipped and fushi tarazu. Development 105, 761–767
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Lee J. J.,
    2. von Kessler D. P.,
    3. Parks S.,
    4. Beachy P. A.
    (1992) Secretion and localized transcription suggests a role in positional signaling for products of the segment polarity gene hedgehog. Cell 71, 33–50
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Leiserson W. M.,
    2. Bonini N. M.,
    3. Benzer S.
    (1994) Transvection at the eyes absent gene of Drosophila. Genetics 138, 1171–1179
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Li H.-S.,
    2. Tierney C.,
    3. Wen L.,
    4. Wu J. Y.,
    5. Rao Y.
    (1997) A singlemorphogenetic field gives rise to two retina primordia under the influence of the prechordal plate. Development 124, 603–615
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Li H.-S.,
    2. Yang J.-M.,
    3. Jacobson R. D.,
    4. Pasko D.,
    5. Sundin O.
    (1994) Pax6 is first expressed in a region of ectoderm anterior to the early neural plate: Implications for stepwise determination of the lens. Dev. Biol 162, 181–194
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Ma C.,
    2. Moses K.
    (1995) wingless and patched are negative regulators of the morphogenetic furrow and can affect tissue polarity in the developing Drosophila compound eye. Development 121, 2279–2289
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Macdonald R.,
    2. Barth K. A.,
    3. Xu Q.,
    4. Holder N.,
    5. Mikkola I.,
    6. Wilson S. W.
    (1995) Midline signaling is required for Pax gene regulation and patterning of the eyes. Development 121, 3267–3278
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Macdonald R.,
    2. Wilson S. W.
    (1996) Pax proteins and eye development. Curr.)(Opin. Neurobiol 6, 49–56
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Mardon G.,
    2. Solomon N. M.,
    3. Rubin G. M.
    (1994) dachshund encodes a nuclear protein required for normal eye and leg development in Drosophila. Development 120, 3473–3486
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Masucci J. D.,
    2. Miltenberger R. J.,
    3. Hoffmann F. M.
    (1990) Pattern-specific expression of the Drosophiladecapentaplegic gene in imaginal discs is regulated by 3 cis -regulatory elements. Genes Dev 4, 2011–2023
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. McLean I. W.,
    2. Nakane P. K.
    (1974) Periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde fixative, a new fixative for immunoelectron microscopy. J. Histochem. Cytochem 22, 1077–1083
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Oliver G.,
    2. Gruss P.
    (1997) Current views on eye development. Trends Neuroscience 20, 415–421
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Oliver G.,
    2. Mailhos A.,
    3. Wehr R.,
    4. Copeland N. G.,
    5. Jenkins N. A.,
    6. Gruss P.
    (1995) Six3, a murine homologue of the sine oculis gene, demarcates the most anterior border of the developing neural plate and is expressed during eye development. Development 121, 4045–4055
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Pignoni F.,
    2. Hu B.,
    3. Zavitz K. H.,
    4. Xiao J.,
    5. Garrity P. A.,
    6. Zipursky L. S.
    (1997) The Eye-Specification Proteins So and Eya Form a Complex and Regulate Multiple Steps in Drosophila Eye Development. Cell 91, 881–891
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Puschel A. W.,
    2. Gruss P.,
    3. Westerfield M.
    (1992) Sequence and expression pattern of pax-6 are highly conserved between zebrafish and mice. Development 114, 643–651
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Quinn J. C.,
    2. West J. D.,
    3. Hill R. E.
    (1996) Multiple functions for Pax6 in mouse eye and nasal development. Genes Dev 10, 435–446
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Quiring R.,
    2. Walldorf U.,
    3. Kloter U.,
    4. Gehring W. J.
    (1994) Homology of the eyeless gene of Drosophila to the Small eye gene in mice and Aniridia in Humans. Science 265, 785–789
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Ready D. F.,
    2. Hanson T. E.,
    3. Benzer S.
    (1976) Deve)(lopment of the Drosophila retina, a neurocrystalline lattice. Dev. Biol 53, 217–240
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Robinow S.,
    2. White K.
    (1991) Characterization and spatial distribution of the ELAV protein during Drosophila melanogaster development. J. Neurobiol 22, 443–461
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Royet J.,
    2. Finkelstein R.
    (1996) hedgehog, wingless and orthodenticle specify adult head development in Drosophila. Development 122, 1849–1858
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Rubin G. M.,
    2. Spradling A. C.
    (1982) Genetic transformation of Drosophila using transposable element vectors. Science 218, 341–353
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Serikaku M. A.,
    2. O'Tousa J. E.
    (1994) sine oculis is a homeobox gene required for Drosophila visual system development. Genetics 138, 1137–1150
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Shen W.,
    2. Mardon G.
    (1997) Ectopic eye development in Drosophila induced by directed dachshund expression. Development 124, 45–52
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Smith D. B.,
    2. Johnson K. S.
    (1988) Single-step purification of polypeptides expressed in Escherichia coli as fusions with glutathionine S-transferase. Gene 67, 31–40
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Tautz D.,
    2. Pfeifle C.
    (1989) A non-radioactive in situ hybridization method for the localization of specific RNAs in Drosophila reveals translational control of the segmentation gene hunchback. Chromosoma 98, 81–85
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Tomlinson A.,
    2. Ready D. F.
    (1987) Neuronal differentiation in the Drosophila ommatidium. Dev. Biol 120, 366–376
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Treisman J. E.,
    2. Rubin G. M.
    (1995) wingless inhibits morphogenetic furrow movement in the Drosophila eye disc. Development 121, 3519–3527
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Walther C.,
    2. Gruss P.
    (1991) Pax-6, a murine paired box gene, is expressed in the developing CNS. Development 113, 1435–1449
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Wolff T.,
    2. Ready D. F.
    (1991) Cell death in normal and rough eye mutants of Drosophila. Development 113, 825–839
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Xu P.-X.,
    2. Woo I.,
    3. Her H.,
    4. Beier D. R.,
    5. Maas R. L.
    (1997) Mouse Eya homologues of the Drosophilaeyesabsent gene require Pax-6 for expression in lens and nasal placode. Development 124, 219–231
    OpenUrlAbstract
    1. Zimmerman J. E.,
    2. Bui Q. T.,
    3. Steingrimsson E.,
    4. Nagle D. L.,
    5. Fu W.,
    6. Genin A.,
    7. Spinner N. B.,
    8. Copeland N. G.,
    9. Jenkins N. A.,
    10. Bucan M.,
    11. Bonini N. M.
    (1997) Cloning and characterization of two vertebrate homologs of the Drosophilaeyesabsent gene. Genome Res 7, 128–141
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
Previous ArticleNext Article
Back to top
Previous ArticleNext Article

This Issue

 Download PDF

Email

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Development.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Eyeless initiates the expression of both sine oculis and eyes absent during Drosophila compound eye development
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Development
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Development web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Share
JOURNAL ARTICLES
Eyeless initiates the expression of both sine oculis and eyes absent during Drosophila compound eye development
G. Halder, P. Callaerts, S. Flister, U. Walldorf, U. Kloter, W.J. Gehring
Development 1998 125: 2181-2191;
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
Citation Tools
JOURNAL ARTICLES
Eyeless initiates the expression of both sine oculis and eyes absent during Drosophila compound eye development
G. Halder, P. Callaerts, S. Flister, U. Walldorf, U. Kloter, W.J. Gehring
Development 1998 125: 2181-2191;

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Alerts

Please log in to add an alert for this article.

Sign in to email alerts with your email address

Article navigation

  • Top
  • Article
  • Info & metrics
  • PDF

Related articles

Cited by...

More in this TOC section

  • Morphogenetic cell movements in the middle region of the dermomyotome dorsomedial lip associated with patterning and growth of the primary epaxial myotome
  • Germline and developmental roles of the nuclear transport factor importin (α)3 in C. elegans
  • Monofocal origin of telencephalic oligodendrocytes in the anterior entopeduncular area of the chick embryo
Show more JOURNAL ARTICLES

Similar articles

Other journals from The Company of Biologists

Journal of Cell Science

Journal of Experimental Biology

Disease Models & Mechanisms

Biology Open

Advertisement

Kathryn Virginia Anderson (1952-2020)

Developmental geneticist Kathryn Anderson passed away at home on 30 November 2020. Tamara Caspary, a former postdoc and friend, remembers Kathryn and her remarkable contribution to developmental biology.


Zooming into 2021

In a new Editorial, Editor-in-Chief James Briscoe and Executive Editor Katherine Brown reflect on the triumphs and tribulations of the last 12 months, and look towards a hopefully calmer and more predictable year.


Read & Publish participation extends worldwide

Over 60 institutions in 12 countries are now participating in our Read & Publish initiative. Here, James Briscoe explains what this means for his institution, The Francis Crick Institute. Find out more and view our full list of participating institutions.


Upcoming special issues

Imaging Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration
Submission deadline: 30 March 2021
Publication: mid-2021

The Immune System in Development and Regeneration
Guest editors: Florent Ginhoux and Paul Martin
Submission deadline: 1 September 2021
Publication: Spring 2022

Both special issues welcome Review articles as well as Research articles, and will be widely promoted online and at key global conferences.


Development presents...

Our successful webinar series continues into 2021, with early-career researchers presenting their papers and a chance to virtually network with the developmental biology community afterwards. Sign up to join our next session:

10 February
Time: 13:00 (GMT)
Chaired by: preLights

Articles

  • Accepted manuscripts
  • Issue in progress
  • Latest complete issue
  • Issue archive
  • Archive by article type
  • Special issues
  • Subject collections
  • Sign up for alerts

About us

  • About Development
  • About the Node
  • Editors and board
  • Editor biographies
  • Travelling Fellowships
  • Grants and funding
  • Journal Meetings
  • Workshops
  • The Company of Biologists

For authors

  • Submit a manuscript
  • Aims and scope
  • Presubmission enquiries
  • Article types
  • Manuscript preparation
  • Cover suggestions
  • Editorial process
  • Promoting your paper
  • Open Access
  • Biology Open transfer

Journal info

  • Journal policies
  • Rights and permissions
  • Media policies
  • Reviewer guide
  • Sign up for alerts

Contact

  • Contact Development
  • Subscriptions
  • Advertising
  • Feedback

 Twitter   YouTube   LinkedIn

© 2021   The Company of Biologists Ltd   Registered Charity 277992