Handling Editor: Ykä Helariutta
ABSTRACT
Temperature is one of the most impactful environmental factors to which plants adjust their growth and development. Although the regulation of temperature signaling has been extensively investigated for the aerial part of plants, much less is known and understood about how roots sense and modulate their growth in response to fluctuating temperatures. Here, we found that shoot and root growth responses to high ambient temperature are coordinated during early seedling development in Arabidopsis. A shoot signaling module that includes HY5, the phytochromes and the PIFs exerts a central function in coupling these growth responses and maintaining auxin levels in the root. In addition to the HY5/PIF-dependent shoot module, a regulatory axis composed of auxin biosynthesis and auxin perception factors controls root responses to high ambient temperature. Taken together, our findings show that shoot and root developmental responses to temperature are tightly coupled during thermomorphogenesis and suggest that roots integrate energy signals with local hormonal inputs.
Footnotes
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing or financial interests.
Author contributions
Conceptualization: C.G., W.B.; Methodology: C.G.; Formal analysis: L.Z.; Investigation: C.G., Y.B., M.P.P., J.S., K.L.; Resources: B.C.W., S.V.K., W.B.; Data curation: L.Z.; Writing - original draft: C.G., W.B.; Writing - review & editing: C.G., W.B.; Visualization: C.G., Y.B.; Supervision: K.L., J.C., W.B.; Project administration: W.B.; Funding acquisition: K.L., J.C., W.B.
Funding
This study was funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (grant number R01GM127759 to W.B.) and start-up funds from the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. J.C. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. This study was supported by the HHS NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (grant 5R35GM122604-02_05 to J.C.), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (to J.C.), the European Molecular Biology Organization (grant ALTF 785-2013 to Y.B.), the United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (grant FI-488-13 to Y.B.) and the Human Frontier Science Program (LT000222/2013-L to B.W). K.L. and J.S. acknowledge the Swedish research councils VINNOVA, Vetenskapsrådet (VR) and the Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse (KAW). Deposited in PMC for release after 12 months.
Data availability
Raw RNA-seq reads generated as part of this study are deposited at GEO under accession number GSE138133.
Supplementary information
Supplementary information available online at https://dev.biologists.org/lookup/doi/10.1242/dev.192625.supplemental
- Received May 11, 2020.
- Accepted October 26, 2020.
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